Scientists develop canine ehrlichiosis vaccine
A study into canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) by scientists in Israel has led to a breakthrough, enabling the development the world's first ever CME vaccine.
Dr Shimon Harrus and Dr Gad Baneth were performing a study with their doctoral students to determine how long ticks must be attached to a dog's fur in order to transmit the disease, however, when some dogs were not affected, they decided to investigate further.
"I was using bacteria I cultured in my lab," explained Harrus. "All of a sudden I realised the two dogs in our experiment did not become sick, and the ticks I put on the dogs did not become infected.
"Then we performed a big study and we realised something important was going on."
When a brown dog tick passes bacteria to a dog's blood stream via a bite, the dog will have a fever and lowered blood-cell counts. This progresses to a chronic stage in some dogs, which is often fatal. After initial infection, a dog will require a lengthy course of antibiotics, unless they have been administered tick-control beforehand.
The vaccine, which took around five years to develop, is the first to prove effective against the attenuated Ehrlichia strain of the disease.
"We need to make sure it works against other strains, we need to learn the mechanism by comparing the attenuated strain against wild strains, and we have many other research questions," said Harrus, adding that funding is needed for continued research before the vaccine can be commercialised.
Veterinary practices are being urged to help owners safely dispose of any unused and expired pet medicines - not just antibiotics - during November's Animal Medicines Amnesty. 
